Critical exponents

Specific heat, C

Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \left. C\right.=C_0 \epsilon^{-\alpha}}

Magnetic order parameter, m,

$\left.m\right.=m_{0}\epsilon ^{\beta }$

Susceptibility

Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \left. \chi \right. = \chi_0 \epsilon^{-\gamma}}

Correlation length

Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \left. \xi \right.= \xi_0 \epsilon^{-\nu}}

where Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \epsilon} is the reduced distance from the critical temperature, i.e.

Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \epsilon = \left| 1 -\frac{T}{T_c}\right|}

Note that this implies a certain symmetry when the critical point is approached from either 'above' or 'below', which is not necessarily the case. Rushbrooke equality

Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \alpha + 2\beta + \gamma =2}

Gamma divergence

When approaching the critical point along the critical isochore (Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle T > T_c} ) the divergence is of the form

Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \left. \right. C_p \sim \kappa_T \sim (T-T_c)^{-\gamma} \sim (p-p_c)^{-\gamma}}

where Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \gamma} is 1.0 for the Van der Waals equation of state, and is usually 1.2 to 1.3.

Epsilon divergence

When approaching the critical point along the critical isotherm the divergence is of the form

Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \left. \right. \kappa_T \sim (p-p_c)^{-\epsilon}}

where Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle \epsilon} is 2/3 for the Van der Waals equation of state, and is usually 0.75 to 0.8.

See also

• Universality classes