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:<math>\frac{1}{T(E,V,N)} = \left. \frac{\partial S}{\partial E}\right\vert_{V,N}</math> | :<math>\frac{1}{T(E,V,N)} = \left. \frac{\partial S}{\partial E}\right\vert_{V,N}</math> | ||
where <math>S</math> is the [[entropy]] | where <math>S</math> is the [[entropy]]. | ||
==Temperature scale== | ==Temperature scale== | ||
Temperature has the SI units (Système International d'Unités) of ''kelvin'' (K) (named in honour of [[William Thomson]] | Temperature has the SI units (Système International d'Unités) of ''kelvin'' (K) (named in honour of [[William Thomson]] <ref>William Thomson "On an Absolute Thermometric Scale, founded on Carnot's Theory of the Motive Power of Heat, and calculated from the Results of Regnault's Experiments on the Pressure and Latent Heat of Steam", Philosophical Magazine '''October''' pp. (1848)</ref>) The kelvin is the fraction 1/273.16 of the thermodynamic temperature of the [[triple point]] of [[water]]<ref>[http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/27/1/002 H. Preston-Thomas "The International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90)", Metrologia '''27''' pp. 3-10 (1990)]</ref> | ||
<ref>[http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/27/2/010 H. Preston-Thomas "ERRATUM: The International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90)", Metrologia '''27''' p. 107 (1990)]</ref>. | <ref>[http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/27/2/010 H. Preston-Thomas "ERRATUM: The International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90)", Metrologia '''27''' p. 107 (1990)]</ref>. | ||
====Non-SI temperature scales==== | ====Non-SI temperature scales==== | ||
'''Rankine temperature scale''' <br> | '''Rankine temperature scale''' <br> | ||
0°R corresponds to 0 kelvin, and 1.8 degrees Rankine is equivalent to 1 kevlin <ref>[http://pml.nist.gov/Pubs/SP811/appenB9.html#TEMPERATURE NIST guide to SI Units]</ref> | 0°R corresponds to 0 kelvin, and 1.8 degrees Rankine is equivalent to 1 kevlin <ref>[http://pml.nist.gov/Pubs/SP811/appenB9.html#TEMPERATURE NIST guide to SI Units]</ref> | ||
==Kinetic temperature== | ==Kinetic temperature== | ||
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:<math>\beta := \frac{1}{k_BT}</math> | :<math>\beta := \frac{1}{k_BT}</math> | ||
==Negative temperature== | ==Negative temperature== | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*[[Thermostats | Thermostats in molecular dynamics]] | *[[Thermostats | Thermostats in molecular dynamics]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
[[category: Classical thermodynamics]] | [[category: Classical thermodynamics]] | ||
[[category: statistical mechanics]] | [[category: statistical mechanics]] | ||
[[category: Non-equilibrium thermodynamics]] | [[category: Non-equilibrium thermodynamics]] |