Ice XV: Difference between revisions
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Fourteen different polymorphs of [[water]] are known experimentally. However, | |||
Fourteen different polymorphs of water are experimentally | the search of new solid phases remains a very active area of investigation. | ||
the search of new solid phases | Two principal routes exist for locating new solid phases of water. The first is the search (at low temperatures) | ||
Two | |||
of proton ordered analogous of the high temperature proton disordered ices. | of proton ordered analogous of the high temperature proton disordered ices. | ||
This is the research that lead to the discovery of ices [[ice VIII]], [[ice IX]], [[ice XI]], [[ice XIII]] | This is the research that lead to the discovery of ices [[ice VIII]], [[ice IX]], [[ice XI]], [[ice XIII]] | ||
and [[ice XIV]]. [[Ice VI]] being probably the only proton disordered ice for which | and [[ice XIV]]. [[Ice VI]] being probably the only proton disordered ice for which | ||
the proton ordered ice has not yet been found. Some authors label this | the proton ordered ice has not yet been found. Some authors label this | ||
unprepared ice phase as ice XV. | unprepared ice phase as '''ice XV'''. | ||
The second route is the search of new ices at high pressure and/or high | The second route is the search of new ices at high pressure and/or high | ||
temperature. This route is being object of an intensive activity, both | temperature. This route is being object of an intensive activity, both | ||
experimentally and theoretically. Recently, a [[Plastic crystals |plastic crystal]] phase of water | |||
has been found by molecular simulation for some water potential models | has been found by molecular simulation for some water potential models | ||
(SPC/E, TIP4P, TIP5P and TIP4P/2005)<ref>[http:// | ([[SPC/E]], [[TIP4P]], [[TIP5P]] and [[TIP4P/2005]]) | ||
This plastic crystal | <ref>[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b812834k J. L. Aragones, M. M. Conde, E. G. Noya and C. Vega "The phase diagram of water at high pressures as obtained by computer simulations of the TIP4P/2005 model: the appearance of a plastic crystal phase", Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics '''11''' pp. 543-555 (2009)]</ref>. | ||
prepared, but the authors | This plastic crystal has yet to be | ||
prepared experimentally, but the authors have labelled it as ice XV. | |||
The phases of ice have been labelled with the Roman numerals I-XIV in the | The phases of ice have been labelled with the Roman numerals I-XIV in the | ||
approximate order in which they were produced experimentally. Therefore, | approximate order in which they were produced experimentally. Therefore, | ||
one will have to wait for which of these phases is prepared first to know what ice XV really is. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
'''Related publications''' | '''Related publications''' | ||
*[http:// | *[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/17300 Paul Loubeyre, René LeToullec, Elodie Wolanin, Michel Hanfland and Daniel Hausermann, "Modulated phases and proton centring in ice observed by X-ray diffraction up to 170 GPa", Nature '''397''' pp. 503-506 (1999)] | ||
* [http:// | * [http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.2934 M. Benoit, M. Bernasconi, P. Focher, and M. Parrinello "New High-Pressure Phase of Ice", Physical Review Letters '''76''' pp. 2934-2936 (1996)] | ||
* [http:// | * [http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08957950802347973 Beate Schwager and Reinhard Boehler "H2O: another ice phase and its melting curve", High Pressure Research '''28''' pp. 431-433 (2008)] | ||
Latest revision as of 12:47, 2 April 2009
Fourteen different polymorphs of water are known experimentally. However, the search of new solid phases remains a very active area of investigation. Two principal routes exist for locating new solid phases of water. The first is the search (at low temperatures) of proton ordered analogous of the high temperature proton disordered ices. This is the research that lead to the discovery of ices ice VIII, ice IX, ice XI, ice XIII and ice XIV. Ice VI being probably the only proton disordered ice for which the proton ordered ice has not yet been found. Some authors label this unprepared ice phase as ice XV. The second route is the search of new ices at high pressure and/or high temperature. This route is being object of an intensive activity, both experimentally and theoretically. Recently, a plastic crystal phase of water has been found by molecular simulation for some water potential models (SPC/E, TIP4P, TIP5P and TIP4P/2005) [1]. This plastic crystal has yet to be prepared experimentally, but the authors have labelled it as ice XV. The phases of ice have been labelled with the Roman numerals I-XIV in the approximate order in which they were produced experimentally. Therefore, one will have to wait for which of these phases is prepared first to know what ice XV really is.
References[edit]
Related publications
- Paul Loubeyre, René LeToullec, Elodie Wolanin, Michel Hanfland and Daniel Hausermann, "Modulated phases and proton centring in ice observed by X-ray diffraction up to 170 GPa", Nature 397 pp. 503-506 (1999)
- M. Benoit, M. Bernasconi, P. Focher, and M. Parrinello "New High-Pressure Phase of Ice", Physical Review Letters 76 pp. 2934-2936 (1996)
- Beate Schwager and Reinhard Boehler "H2O: another ice phase and its melting curve", High Pressure Research 28 pp. 431-433 (2008)