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{{Stub-general}}
'''C<sub>60</sub>''', also known as ''Buckminsterfullerene'' is composed of [[carbon]] atoms.
'''C<sub>60</sub>''', also known as ''Buckminsterfullerene'' is composed of [[carbon]] atoms.
{{Jmol_general|C60.pdb|C<sub>60</sub>}}
 
==Models==
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====Girifalco potential====
|-
|<center>
<jmol>
  <jmolApplet>
  <script>set spin X 10; spin on</script>
  <size>200</size>
  <color>lightgrey</color>
    <wikiPageContents>C60.pdb</wikiPageContents>
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|-
| <center>C<sub>60</sub></center>
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[[category: Contains Jmol]]
 
===Girifalco potential===
The Girifalco [[intermolecular pair potential]]  is given by <ref>[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100181a061 L. A. Girifalco "Molecular properties of fullerene in the gas and solid phases", Journal of Physical Chemistry '''96''' pp. 858-861 (1992)]</ref> (Eq. 4):
The Girifalco [[intermolecular pair potential]]  is given by <ref>[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100181a061 L. A. Girifalco "Molecular properties of fullerene in the gas and solid phases", Journal of Physical Chemistry '''96''' pp. 858-861 (1992)]</ref> (Eq. 4):


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where <math>N</math> is the number of atoms on each sphere, i.e. N=60.
where <math>N</math> is the number of atoms on each sphere, i.e. N=60.
====Approximate non-conformal potential====
The [[Approximate non-conformal potential]] ('''ANC''') for the C60 fullerene is given by (Eq 6 in <ref>[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemphys.2017.05.014 Jesús Eloy Ramos "Effective intermolecular potential and critical point for C60 molecule", Chemical Physics '''492''' pp. 5-11 (2017)]</ref>):
:<math>\Phi_{12}(z) =  \epsilon \left[ \frac{1-a}{(z^3/S +1 - 1/S)^{1/3} -a} \right]^{12} - 2\epsilon \left[ \frac{1-a}{(z^3/S +1 - 1/S)^{1/3} -a} \right]^{6} </math>
where
* <math>z := r/r_m</math>
* <math>r_m</math> = 1.0281 nm
* <math> a </math> = 0.09574 is the hard-core diameter in units of <math>r_m</math>
* <math> \epsilon </math> = 3297.28 K is the well depth
* <math>S</math> = 0.4120 is a softness parameter
==Phase diagram==
<ref>[http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.71.1200      Ailan Cheng, Michael L. Klein and Carlo Caccamo "Prediction of the phase diagram of rigid C60 molecules", Physical Review Letters '''71''' pp. 1200-1203 (1993)]</ref>
<ref>[http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.50.1301 L. Mederos and G. Navascués "High-temperature phase diagram of the fullerene C60"  Physical Review B '''50''' pp. 1301-1304 (1994)]</ref>
<ref>[http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.479891 M. Hasegawa and K. Ohno "Monte Carlo simulation study of the high-temperature phase diagram of model C60 molecules", Journal of Chemical Physics '''111''' pp. 5955- (1999)]</ref>
<ref>[http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3081140 Pedro Orea "Phase diagrams of model C60 and C70 fullerenes from short-range attractive potentials", Journal of Chemical Physics  130, 104703 (2009)]</ref>
==Liquid phase==
<ref>[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/365425a0 M. H. J. Hagen, E. J. Meijer, G. C. A. M. Mooij, D. Frenkel and H. N. W. Lekkerkerker "Does C60 have a liquid phase?", Nature '''365''' pp. 425-426 (1993)]</ref>
==Gel phase==
Simulations of the Girifalco potential indicate a possible [[Gels|gel]] composed solely  of C<sub>60</sub> molecules <ref>[http://arxiv.org/abs/1102.2959 C. Patrick Royall, and Stephen R. Williams "C60: the first one-component gel?", arXiv:1102.2959v1 (cond-mat.soft) 15 Feb 2011)]</ref>
==References==
==References==
<references/>
<references/>
'''Related reading'''
'''Related reading'''
*[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/365425a0 M. H. J. Hagen, E. J. Meijer, G. C. A. M. Mooij, D. Frenkel and H. N. W. Lekkerkerker "Does C60 have a liquid phase?", Nature '''365''' pp. 425-426 (1993)]
*[http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.71.1200      Ailan Cheng, Michael L. Klein and Carlo Caccamo "Prediction of the phase diagram of rigid C60 molecules", Physical Review Letters '''71''' pp. 1200-1203 (1993)]
*[http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.50.1301 L. Mederos and G. Navascués "High-temperature phase diagram of the fullerene C60"  Physical Review B '''50''' pp. 1301-1304 (1994)]
*[http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.51.3387 C. Caccamo "Modified-hypernetted-chain determination of the phase diagram of rigid C60 molecules", Physical Review B '''51''' pp. 3387-3390 (1995)]
*[http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.51.3387 C. Caccamo "Modified-hypernetted-chain determination of the phase diagram of rigid C60 molecules", Physical Review B '''51''' pp. 3387-3390 (1995)]
*[http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.54.3928 M. Hasegawa and K. Ohno "Density functional theory for the phase diagram of rigid C60 molecules", Physical Review E '''54''' pp. 3928-3932 (1996)]
*[http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.54.3928 M. Hasegawa and K. Ohno "Density functional theory for the phase diagram of rigid C60 molecules", Physical Review E '''54''' pp. 3928-3932 (1996)]
*[http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.473192 C. Caccamo, D. Costa, and A. Fucile "A Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo study of phase coexistence in model C60", Journal of Chemical Physics '''106''' pp.  255- (1997)]
*[http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.473192 C. Caccamo, D. Costa, and A. Fucile "A Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo study of phase coexistence in model C60", Journal of Chemical Physics '''106''' pp.  255- (1997)]
*[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268970902881979 M. Bahaa Khedr,  S. M. Osman and M.S. Al Busaidi "Surface tension, shear viscosity and isothermal compressibility of liquid C60 along the liquid-vapour coexistence", Molecular Physics '''107''' pp. 1355-1366 (2009)]
*[http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.479891 M. Hasegawa and K. Ohno "Monte Carlo simulation study of the high-temperature phase diagram of model C60 molecules", Journal of Chemical Physics '''111''' pp. 5955- (1999)]
*[http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4866451  Minkyu Kim, Jaeeon Chang and Stanley I. Sandler "Monte Carlo simulations for the free energies of C60 and C70 fullerene crystals by acceptance ratio method and expanded ensemble method", Journal of Chemical Physics '''140''' 084110 (2014)]
*[http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3081140 Pedro Orea "Phase diagrams of model C60 and C70 fullerenes from short-range attractive potentials", Journal of Chemical Physics  130, 104703 (2009)]
*[http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4932591 D. M. Edmunds, P. Tangney, D. D. Vvedensky and W. M. C. Foulkes "Free-energy coarse-grained potential for C60", Journal of Chemical Physics '''143''' 164509 (2015)]
 
 
[[category: models]]
[[category: models]]
[[category: Contains Jmol]]
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