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The '''Boltzmann constant''' (<math>k</math> or <math>k_B</math>) is the physical constant relating [[temperature]] to energy. | The '''Boltzmann constant''' (<math>k</math> or <math>k_B</math>) is the physical constant relating [[temperature]] to [[energy]]. | ||
It is named after the Austrian physicist [[Ludwig Eduard Boltzmann]]. | It is named after the Austrian physicist [[Ludwig Eduard Boltzmann]]. | ||
Its experimentally determined value (in SI units, | Its experimentally determined value (in SI units, 2002 [http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?k#mid CODATA] value) is: | ||
:<math>k_B =1. | :<math>k_B =1.380 6505(24) \times 10^{-23} </math> <math>\left. JK^{-1}\right.</math> | ||
::<math> =8.617 343(15) \times 10^{-5}</math> <math>\left.eV\right.</math> <math>\left.K^{-1}\right.</math> | |||
In units with molecular significance it is close to 1, for example see: [[DL_POLY | DL_POLY units]]. | In units with molecular significance it is close to 1, for example see: [[DL_POLY | DL_POLY units]]. | ||
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:''"This constant is often referred to as Boltzmann's constant, although, to my knowledge, Boltzmann himself never introduced it - a peculiar state of affairs, which can be explained by the fact that Boltzmann, as appears from his occasional utterances, never gave thought to the possibility of carrying out an exact measurement of the constant."'' | :''"This constant is often referred to as Boltzmann's constant, although, to my knowledge, Boltzmann himself never introduced it - a peculiar state of affairs, which can be explained by the fact that Boltzmann, as appears from his occasional utterances, never gave thought to the possibility of carrying out an exact measurement of the constant."'' | ||
Max Planck, [http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1918/planck-lecture.html Nobel Lecture, June 2, 1920] | Max Planck, [http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1918/planck-lecture.html Nobel Lecture, June 2, 1920] | ||
== | ==See also== | ||
*[http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.250801 C. Daussy, M. Guinet, A. Amy-Klein, K. Djerroud, Y. Hermier, S. Briaudeau, Ch. J. Bordé, and C. Chardonnet "Direct Determination of the Boltzmann Constant by an Optical Method", Physical Review Letters '''98''' 250801 (2007)] | |||
[[Category: Physical constants]] | [[Category: Physical constants]] |