Buckingham potential

The Buckingham potential is given by

$\Phi _{12}(r)=A\exp \left(-Br\right)-{\frac {C}{r^{6}}}$

where $\Phi _{12}(r)$ is the intermolecular pair potential, Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle r := |\mathbf{r}_1 - \mathbf{r}_2|} , and Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle A} , Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle B} and Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle C} are constants.

The Buckingham potential describes the exchange repulsion, which originates from the Pauli exclusion principle, by a more realistic exponential function of distance, in contrast to the inverse twelfth power used by the Lennard-Jones potential. However, since the Buckingham potential remains finite even at very small distances, it runs the risk of an un-physical "Buckingham catastrophe" at short range when used in simulations of charged systems.This occurs when the electrostatic attraction artificially overcomes the repulsive barrier. The Lennard-Jones potential is also quicker to compute, and so is more frequently used in computer simulations.