Nosé-Hoover thermostat

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The Nosé-Hoover thermostat[1] [2] [3] is a method for controlling the temperature in a molecular dynamics simulation. The Nosé-Hoover thermostat "strives" to reproduce the canonical phase-space distribution. It does this by modifying the equations of motion to include a non-Newtonian term in order to maintain the total kinetic energy constant. The modified equation of motion is given by (Ref. 3 Eq. 4)

where is the thermodynamic friction coefficient, given by (Ref. 3 Eq. 5)

where is a parameter that has the dimensions of energy(time)2 and determines the time-scale of the temperature fluctuation and is the number of degrees of freedom.

Problems

The Nosé-Hoover thermostat has problems with ergodicity for small or stiff systems. In order to compensate for this a modification using "chains" has been proposed [4].

Non-equilibrium

A version of the Nosé-Hoover thermostat has been developed for non-equilibrium simulations [5].

References

Related reading