Ideal gas: Heat capacity: Difference between revisions

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:<math>C_V = \left. \frac{\partial U}{\partial T} \right\vert_V </math>
:<math>C_V = \left. \frac{\partial U}{\partial T} \right\vert_V </math>


where <math>U</math> is the [[internal energy]]. Given that an [[ideal gas]] has no interatomic potential energy, the only term that is important is the [[Ideal gas: Energy | kinetic energy of an ideal gas]], which is equal to <math>3/2 RT</math>. Thus  
where <math>U</math> is the [[internal energy]]. Given that an [[ideal gas]] has no interatomic potential energy, the only term that is important is the [[Ideal gas: Energy | kinetic energy of an ideal gas]], which is equal to <math>(3/2)RT</math>. Thus  


:<math>C_V =  \frac{\partial ~ }{\partial T}  \left( \frac{3}{2}RT \right) = \frac{3}{2} R </math>
:<math>C_V =  \frac{\partial ~ }{\partial T}  \left( \frac{3}{2}RT \right) = \frac{3}{2} R </math>
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thus  
thus  


:<math>C_p =  C_v + R </math>
:<math>C_p =  C_v + R  =  \frac{5}{2} R</math>


where <math>R</math> is the [[molar gas constant]].
where <math>R</math> is the [[molar gas constant]].

Latest revision as of 15:34, 11 May 2012

The heat capacity at constant volume is given by

where is the internal energy. Given that an ideal gas has no interatomic potential energy, the only term that is important is the kinetic energy of an ideal gas, which is equal to . Thus

At constant pressure one has

we can see that, just as before, one has

and from the equation of state of an ideal gas

thus

where is the molar gas constant.

References[edit]

  1. Donald A. McQuarrie "Statistical Mechanics" (1976) Eq. 1-1
  2. Landau and Lifshitz Course of Theoretical Physics Volume 5 Statistical Physics 3rd Edition Part 1 Equation 42.11