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	<id>http://www.sklogwiki.org/SklogWiki/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Test_area_method</id>
	<title>Test area method - Revision history</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="http://www.sklogwiki.org/SklogWiki/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Test_area_method"/>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.sklogwiki.org/SklogWiki/index.php?title=Test_area_method&amp;action=history"/>
	<updated>2026-04-28T04:59:45Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>http://www.sklogwiki.org/SklogWiki/index.php?title=Test_area_method&amp;diff=8162&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Carl McBride: Slight correction of the equation.</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.sklogwiki.org/SklogWiki/index.php?title=Test_area_method&amp;diff=8162&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2009-05-11T15:21:43Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Slight correction of the equation.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 17:21, 11 May 2009&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;test area method&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is related to the [[test volume method]] for the calculation of the [[pressure]] (which, in turn, is related to [[Widom test-particle method]]). The [[surface tension]] of a planar [[interface]] is given by the change in [[internal energy]] &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\Delta U&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; caused by &amp;quot;squeezing&amp;quot; the system: modifying both the length in the direction normal to the interface and the area in the plane of the interface, in such a way that the total volume is left unchanged.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;test area method&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is related to the [[test volume method]] for the calculation of the [[pressure]] (which, in turn, is related to [[Widom test-particle method]]). The [[surface tension]] of a planar [[interface]] is given by the change in [[internal energy]] &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\Delta U&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; caused by &amp;quot;squeezing&amp;quot; the system: modifying both the length in the direction normal to the interface and the area in the plane of the interface, in such a way that the total volume is left unchanged.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;It can be shown that the surface tension, if the changes are small, is given by&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;It can be shown that the surface tension, if the changes are small, is given by&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;math&lt;/del&gt;&amp;gt; &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\gamma  =  &lt;/del&gt;- &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\frac{ k_B T  \Delta A } \log\langle \exp&lt;/del&gt;(&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;-\Delta U/k_B T&lt;/del&gt;)&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\rangle. &lt;/del&gt;&amp;lt;/&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;math&lt;/del&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;ref&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2038827     Guy J. Gloor, George Jackson,     Felipe J. Blas and Enrique de Miguel    &quot;Test&lt;/ins&gt;-&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;area simulation method for the direct determination of the interfacial tension of systems with continuous or discontinuous potentials&quot;, Journal of Chemical Physics &#039;&#039;&#039;123&#039;&#039;&#039; 134703 &lt;/ins&gt;(&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;2005&lt;/ins&gt;)&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;lt;/&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;ref&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;gt; &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;(Eq. 60):&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The expression parallels the one for the pressure in the [[test volume method]]; the advantages of this technique are also similar&lt;/del&gt;: &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;avoidance of force calculation, easiness for discontinuous potential..&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;:&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;math&amp;gt; \gamma  =  - \frac{ k_B T }{ \Delta {\mathcal A} } \ln \langle \exp(-\Delta U/k_B T)\rangle_0&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The expression parallels the one for the pressure in the [[test volume method]]; the advantages of this technique are also similar: avoidance of force calculation, easiness for discontinuous potential.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==References==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==References==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;#[http:&lt;/del&gt;/&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;/dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2038827     Guy J. Gloor, George Jackson,     Felipe J. Blas and Enrique de Miguel    &quot;Test-area simulation method for the direct determination of the interfacial tension of systems with continuous or discontinuous potentials&quot;, Journal of Chemical Physics &#039;&#039;&#039;123&#039;&#039;&#039; 134703 (2005)]&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;references&lt;/ins&gt;/&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[category: computer simulation techniques]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[category: computer simulation techniques]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Carl McBride</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.sklogwiki.org/SklogWiki/index.php?title=Test_area_method&amp;diff=5613&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Nice and Tidy: Added category</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.sklogwiki.org/SklogWiki/index.php?title=Test_area_method&amp;diff=5613&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2008-02-07T10:47:51Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Added category&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 12:47, 7 February 2008&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Related &lt;/del&gt;to the [[test volume method]] for the pressure (which, in turn, is related to [[Widom test-particle method]]). The [[surface tension]] of a planar [[interface]] is given by the change in [[internal energy]] &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\Delta U&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; caused by &quot;squeezing&quot; the system: modifying both the length in the direction normal to the interface and the area in the plane of the interface, in such a way that the total volume is left unchanged.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The &#039;&#039;&#039;test area method&#039;&#039;&#039; is related &lt;/ins&gt;to the [[test volume method]] for the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;calculation of the [[&lt;/ins&gt;pressure&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]] &lt;/ins&gt;(which, in turn, is related to [[Widom test-particle method]]). The [[surface tension]] of a planar [[interface]] is given by the change in [[internal energy]] &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\Delta U&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; caused by &quot;squeezing&quot; the system: modifying both the length in the direction normal to the interface and the area in the plane of the interface, in such a way that the total volume is left unchanged.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;It can be shown that the surface tension, if the changes are small, is given by:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;It can be shown that the surface tension, if the changes are small, is given by:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l8&quot;&gt;Line 8:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 8:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==References==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==References==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;#[http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2038827     Guy J. Gloor, George Jackson,     Felipe J. Blas and Enrique de Miguel    &amp;quot;Test-area simulation method for the direct determination of the interfacial tension of systems with continuous or discontinuous potentials&amp;quot;, Journal of Chemical Physics &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;123&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; 134703 (2005)]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;#[http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2038827     Guy J. Gloor, George Jackson,     Felipe J. Blas and Enrique de Miguel    &amp;quot;Test-area simulation method for the direct determination of the interfacial tension of systems with continuous or discontinuous potentials&amp;quot;, Journal of Chemical Physics &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;123&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; 134703 (2005)]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[category: computer simulation techniques]]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Nice and Tidy</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.sklogwiki.org/SklogWiki/index.php?title=Test_area_method&amp;diff=5609&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Dduque: New page: Related to the test volume method for the pressure (which, in turn, is related to Widom test-particle method). The surface tension of a planar interface is given by the cha...</title>
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		<updated>2008-02-07T10:05:44Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;New page: Related to the &lt;a href=&quot;/SklogWiki/index.php/Test_volume_method&quot; title=&quot;Test volume method&quot;&gt;test volume method&lt;/a&gt; for the pressure (which, in turn, is related to &lt;a href=&quot;/SklogWiki/index.php/Widom_test-particle_method&quot; title=&quot;Widom test-particle method&quot;&gt;Widom test-particle method&lt;/a&gt;). The &lt;a href=&quot;/SklogWiki/index.php/Surface_tension&quot; title=&quot;Surface tension&quot;&gt;surface tension&lt;/a&gt; of a planar &lt;a href=&quot;/SklogWiki/index.php/Interface&quot; title=&quot;Interface&quot;&gt;interface&lt;/a&gt; is given by the cha...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;Related to the [[test volume method]] for the pressure (which, in turn, is related to [[Widom test-particle method]]). The [[surface tension]] of a planar [[interface]] is given by the change in [[internal energy]] &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;\Delta U&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; caused by &amp;quot;squeezing&amp;quot; the system: modifying both the length in the direction normal to the interface and the area in the plane of the interface, in such a way that the total volume is left unchanged.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It can be shown that the surface tension, if the changes are small, is given by:&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;lt;math&amp;gt; \gamma  =  - \frac{ k_B T  \Delta A } \log\langle \exp(-\Delta U/k_B T)\rangle. &amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The expression parallels the one for the pressure in the [[test volume method]]; the advantages of this technique are also similar: avoidance of force calculation, easiness for discontinuous potential...&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
#[http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2038827     Guy J. Gloor, George Jackson,     Felipe J. Blas and Enrique de Miguel    &amp;quot;Test-area simulation method for the direct determination of the interfacial tension of systems with continuous or discontinuous potentials&amp;quot;, Journal of Chemical Physics &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;123&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; 134703 (2005)]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dduque</name></author>
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